Looking for the 0 best wellness loungers for spa patios? The Outdoor Chaise Lounges Set of 2 stands out as the best overall choice, offering a perfect balance of comfort and durability. The Dineli Modern ANNY-H Lounge Chair provides a sleek design suited for modern aesthetics, while the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges deliver plush cushioning for long, relaxing sessions. These options highlight common tradeoffs: durability versus comfort, style versus affordability, and adjustability versus simplicity. Continue reading for a detailed breakdown to help you find the perfect fit for your outdoor oasis.
Get garden gear delivered free with Prime
- Fast, free delivery on millions of items
- Prime Video, Amazon Music and more included
- Member-only deals all year
Complete the kit
Key Takeaways
- Top picks balance comfort, durability, and aesthetic appeal, with the best overall offering a versatile combination of these factors.
- Adjustability features, such as reclining and backrest positions, significantly enhance relaxation comfort and should be prioritized.
- Materials like wicker and acacia wood offer durability but may require more maintenance, while cushions add comfort but can affect longevity.
- Set options provide better value for larger spaces, but individual loungers are ideal for tighter spots or personalized setups.
- Price ranges vary widely; investing in higher-quality materials often translates into longer-lasting loungers with better weather resistance.
| Outdoor Chaise Lounges Set of 2, Modern Ergonomic Patio & Pool Lounger with Lumbar Pillow |  | Best Overall for Versatile Outdoor Comfort | Material: Water-resistant fabric, foam cushioning | Weight Capacity: 320 lbs | Number of Items: 2 | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Dineli Modern ANNY-H Lounge Chair Outdoor Bed Lounger |  | Best for Modular Outdoor Comfort and Style | Material: Olefin fabric, foam | Length: 70 inches | Color: Light Beige | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges with 5-Inch Cushions – Set of 2 Brown Wicker Patio Recliners |  | Best for Premium Comfort and Style | Cushion Thickness: 5 inches | Material: Olefin fabric, high-density foam, wicker, steel | Length: 76.8 inches | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| 79” Long Reclining Chaise Lounge Set (Set of 2), Outdoor Wicker Patio Rattan Lounge Chairs |  | Best for Extended, Adjustable Outdoor Lounging | Dimensions: 78.74” L x 25.59” W x 18.11” H | Max Weight Capacity: 300 lbs per chaise | Material: PE rattan, galvanized steel | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| WAROOM Outdoor Chaise Lounge Chairs Set of 2, Wicker Recliners with Adjustable Backrest and Navy Blue Cushions |  | Best for Budget-Friendly, Adjustable Comfort | Material: Rust-resistant steel, all-weather resin wicker | Reclining Positions: 5 | Cushion Thickness: 2.3 inches | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Christopher Knight Home Tory Acacia Wood Chaise Lounge Set of 4, Outdoor Poolside Sun Lounger Recliner with Cushions, Adjustable Backrest, Grey and Beige |  | Best Overall for Versatile Outdoor Relaxation | Material: Acacia wood | Number of Pieces: 4 | Cushion Type: Water-resistant | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Merax 2-Piece Outdoor Chaise Lounge Chair with Adjustable Backrest & Waterproof Cushion |  | Best for Elegant Personal Comfort | Material: Acacia wood, rope, iron | Adjustable Backrest: Yes, extends up to 33.5 inches | Cushion Dimensions: 78.3″L x 27″W x 2.3″H | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| LUE BONA Outdoor Chaise Lounge, 5-Position |  | Best for Easy Mobility and Adjustable Comfort | Material: HDPS poly lumber | Finish: Realistic wood-grain | Adjustable Positions: 5 | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| Purple Leaf Outdoor Lounge Chair Olefin Daybed with 3-Inch Cushion – Moon Basalt |  | Best for Ultra-Comfortable, Lightweight Lounging | Material: Olefin fabric | Cushion Thickness: 3 inches | Frame Material: Aluminum | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| LUE BONA Chaise Lounge Chair |  | Best for All-Season Durability and Adjustable Comfort | Material: HDPS & HDPE Wicker | Features: Breathable fabric, supportive seat | Armrests: Wide with built-in cup holders | VIEW ON AMAZON | See Our Full Breakdown |
| wellness loungers for spa patio | Material |
|---|---|
| Outdoor Chaise Lounges Set of | Water-resistant fabric, foam cushioning |
| Dineli Modern ANNY-H Lounge Ch | Olefin fabric, foam |
| Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges | Olefin fabric, high-density foam, wicker, steel |
| 79” Long Reclining Chaise Lou | PE rattan, galvanized steel |
| WAROOM Outdoor Chaise Lounge C | Rust-resistant steel, all-weather resin wicker |
| Christopher Knight Home Tory A | Acacia wood |
| Merax 2-Piece Outdoor Chaise L | Acacia wood, rope, iron |
| LUE BONA Outdoor Chaise Lounge | HDPS poly lumber |
| Purple Leaf Outdoor Lounge Cha | Olefin fabric |
| LUE BONA Chaise Lounge Chair | HDPS & HDPE Wicker |
More Details on Our Top Picks
Outdoor Chaise Lounges Set of 2, Modern Ergonomic Patio & Pool Lounger with Lumbar Pillow
This set stands out for combining supportive foam cushions with water-resistant fabric, making it ideal for poolside or backyard lounging. Unlike the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges, which focus on premium cushioning and aesthetics, these loungers prioritize ease of use and durability with a simple assembly process. The inclusion of an adjustable lumbar pillow and side pocket enhances convenience, although the heavyweight design limits portability. Their quick-drying, water-resistant fabric means they’re ready for sudden weather changes, but they may need 72 hours to fully expand after assembly, which can delay immediate use.
Pros:- Soft, supportive foam cushions for all-day comfort
- Water-resistant and quick-drying fabric for outdoor durability
- Includes convenient side pocket and adjustable lumbar pillow
- Easy to assemble without tools
Cons:- May require 72 hours to fully expand after assembly
- Heavyweight design may be less portable
Best for: Homeowners who want comfortable, supportive loungers that can withstand outdoor conditions and are easy to set up.
Not ideal for: People seeking ultra-lightweight loungers for frequent, easy relocation or those preferring a fully cushioned premium experience.
- Material:Water-resistant fabric, foam cushioning
- Weight Capacity:320 lbs
- Number of Items:2
- Assembly:Tool-free, 2-piece split design
- Features:Adjustable lumbar support, side pocket, removable washable cover
- Additional Info:Requires 72 hours to fully expand
Our verdict“This set offers a balanced mix of comfort, durability, and convenience, making it ideal for those seeking reliable outdoor loungers with versatile features.”
Dineli Modern ANNY-H Lounge Chair Outdoor Bed Lounger
The Dineli ANNY-H lounge chair makes a strong impression with its modular design and water-repellent Olefin fabric, offering a customizable outdoor seating experience. Unlike the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges, which focus on plush cushions, this model excels in versatility, allowing users to reconfigure it for socializing or lounging. The foam-filled seat provides excellent support, but assembly requires patience as the cushions need 48 hours to reach their final shape. The removable covers simplify cleaning, though the small included pillows may not meet every comfort preference.
Pros:- Water-repellent, durable Olefin fabric for outdoor use
- High-density foam offers excellent support
- Modular design allows versatile configurations
- Removable covers for easy cleaning
Cons:- Assembly requires patience and time for foam expansion
- Foam cushions need 48 hours to reach final shape
- Small display pillows are not included
Best for: Outdoor enthusiasts who value flexibility in seating arrangements and easy maintenance for patio or garden use.
Not ideal for: Those seeking immediate use with minimal setup or a fully cushioned, plush lounging experience.
- Material:Olefin fabric, foam
- Length:70 inches
- Color:Light Beige
- Features:Back support, ergonomic, reclining, removable cover
- Assembly:Requires setup with foam expansion, 48 hours
- Room Type:Patio, Garden
Our verdict“Ideal for buyers who prioritize flexibility and easy upkeep over immediate plush comfort, this lounger adapts well to varied outdoor settings.”
Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges with 5-Inch Cushions – Set of 2 Brown Wicker Patio Recliners
This set offers thick, 5-inch cushions that elevate outdoor lounging, surpassing the standard support found in most patio chairs like the WAROOM Outdoor Chaise Lounge Chairs. The adjustable backrests and weather-resistant wicker construction make these suitable for year-round outdoor use, but their size—almost 77 inches long—means they require ample space and can be cumbersome to move once set up. They excel in comfort and durability, yet the bulkiness may deter those seeking lightweight options or frequent repositioning.
Pros:- Thick, water and UV resistant cushions for ultimate comfort
- Adjustable backrest with five positions
- Sturdy, weather-resistant materials suitable for outdoor use
- Easy to assemble with included tools
Cons:- Bulky design limits portability
- Requires significant space due to length
Best for: Homeowners wanting a luxurious, supportive lounge with a stylish aesthetic for permanent outdoor setups.
Not ideal for: Buyers needing lightweight, portable loungers or those with limited outdoor space due to their size.
- Cushion Thickness:5 inches
- Material:Olefin fabric, high-density foam, wicker, steel
- Length:76.8 inches
- Maximum Weight Capacity:400 lbs
- Assembly:Simple with included instructions
Our verdict“This set is best suited for those prioritizing plush comfort and durability over ease of movement or space-saving design.”
79” Long Reclining Chaise Lounge Set (Set of 2), Outdoor Wicker Patio Rattan Lounge Chairs
These 79-inch wicker chaise lounges excel in offering long, adjustable support, perfect for those who enjoy extended outdoor relaxation. Compared with the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges, which feature plush cushions, these emphasize a sleek, modern look with functional adjustability, though they lack included cushions, meaning additional padding is necessary for comfort. The set’s weather-resistant materials make them suitable for outdoor use, but their weight and lack of padding may be drawbacks for users seeking immediate plushness or frequent repositioning.
Pros:- Adjustable backrests for personalized comfort
- Weather-resistant PE rattan and galvanized steel frame
- Modern aesthetic that complements contemporary outdoor spaces
- Long length provides excellent support for extended lounging
Cons:- Heavy and less portable
- No included cushions or padding
Best for: Outdoor lovers who want ample length and adjustable support for long lounging sessions without the bulk of cushions included.
Not ideal for: Those who prefer plush, cushioned seating or need lightweight, portable options for frequent movement.
- Dimensions:78.74” L x 25.59” W x 18.11” H
- Max Weight Capacity:300 lbs per chaise
- Material:PE rattan, galvanized steel
- Adjustable Angles:5
Our verdict“This set suits those wanting extensive, adaptable outdoor seating with a sleek look, provided they are prepared to add cushions for extra comfort.”
WAROOM Outdoor Chaise Lounge Chairs Set of 2, Wicker Recliners with Adjustable Backrest and Navy Blue Cushions
The WAROOM set offers a practical balance of affordability and functionality with adjustable backrests and thick cushions, making it suitable for casual outdoor use. Unlike the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges, which focus on plush, high-end comfort, these provide decent support at a more accessible price point. The cushions, though thick enough at 2.3 inches, are thinner than premium options, and assembly can be somewhat time-consuming, especially for those unfamiliar with outdoor furniture setup. The inclusion of a furniture cover adds extra value for outdoor protection.
Pros:- Durable, weather-resistant steel frame and wicker
- Multiple reclining positions for customized comfort
- Comfortable cushions with breathable fabric
- Includes furniture cover for protection
Cons:- Assembly may be time-consuming
- Limited color options
Best for: Budget-conscious buyers seeking adjustable, comfortable loungers with added convenience features.
Not ideal for: Users desiring the thickest cushions or those who want ultra-lightweight, highly portable loungers.
- Material:Rust-resistant steel, all-weather resin wicker
- Reclining Positions:5
- Cushion Thickness:2.3 inches
- Includes:Cushions, hardware, furniture cover
- Color:Navy Blue
Our verdict“A solid choice for budget-minded outdoor users who want adjustable loungers with added protection and moderate comfort.”
Christopher Knight Home Tory Acacia Wood Chaise Lounge Set of 4, Outdoor Poolside Sun Lounger Recliner with Cushions, Adjustable Backrest, Grey and Beige
This set of four acacia wood chaise lounges stands out for its blend of style, durability, and adaptability. Compared to the single-lounger LUE BONA Chaise Lounge Chair, the Tory set provides more seating and a cohesive aesthetic, ideal for larger patios or pool areas. Its adjustable backrests and water-resistant cushions make it versatile for sunbathing, napping, or social lounging. However, the cushions are water-resistant but not waterproof, requiring careful handling in heavy rain, and assembly may be time-consuming. The durable acacia wood resists UV and water, ensuring long-term outdoor use, but cushions may need periodic cleaning or replacement. This set is perfect for those seeking a multi-seater with classic style and reliable durability.
Pros:- Durable acacia wood resists water and UV exposure
- Adjustable backrests for customized comfort
- Water-resistant cushions suitable for outdoor settings
- Set of four provides ample seating for gatherings
Cons:- Assembly can be time-consuming and requires effort
- Cushions are water-resistant but not fully waterproof, needing careful rain handling
Best for: Homeowners with spacious patios or pool areas who want a stylish, multi-lounger setup
Not ideal for: Small balconies or compact courtyards where space is limited or portability is essential
- Material:Acacia wood
- Number of Pieces:4
- Cushion Type:Water-resistant
- Adjustable Backrest:Yes
- Color:Grey and Beige
- Assembly Required:Yes
Our verdict“This set offers a flexible and stylish solution for larger outdoor spaces seeking durable, multi-seat loungers.”
Merax 2-Piece Outdoor Chaise Lounge Chair with Adjustable Backrest & Waterproof Cushion
Compared with the Tory set, the Merax 2-Piece Lounge Chairs focus on individual comfort and sleek style, making them ideal for smaller spaces or intimate outdoor settings. Their adjustable backs extend up to 33.5 inches, allowing for personalized lounging positions, and the water-resistant cushions add to their outdoor resilience. The elegant teak-look finish enhances aesthetic appeal, but the cushions are spot clean only, and the set’s limited size means it’s less suited for larger groups. While the acacia wood in the Tory set offers more natural weather resistance, Merax’s modern materials provide a lighter, more refined look. This pick makes the most sense for those prioritizing comfort and style in a compact package.
Pros:- Adjustable backrests for personalized comfort
- Weather-resistant acacia wood and water-resistant cushions
- Elegant teak-look finish enhances outdoor decor
- Includes plush cushions for added comfort
Cons:- Cushion fabric is spot clean only, requiring care
- Limited to outdoor use, less adaptable for indoor settings
Best for: Couples or individuals with smaller patios seeking stylish, adjustable loungers
Not ideal for: Large families or those hosting frequent outdoor gatherings, due to limited seating
- Material:Acacia wood, rope, iron
- Adjustable Backrest:Yes, extends up to 33.5 inches
- Cushion Dimensions:78.3″L x 27″W x 2.3″H
- Cushion Material:High-quality foam & polyester fiber batting
- Number of Chairs:2
- Recommended Uses:Lounging, outdoor relaxation
Our verdict“This set provides a chic, space-efficient option for those who want customizable outdoor loungers with elegant styling.”
LUE BONA Outdoor Chaise Lounge, 5-Position
This lounge’s standout feature is its easy mobility, thanks to integrated rear wheels and a front handle, making it ideal for shifting positions or repositioning around your patio. The five-position adjustable backrest offers flexibility beyond many static models like the Purple Leaf Olefin Daybed, which prioritizes high-resilience cushions over multiple recline options. Made from HDPS poly lumber with a wood-grain finish, it resists fading and cracking, but assembly can be challenging, and the seat dimensions may not accommodate thicker cushions. This model caters well to those who want a durable, adjustable lounger that can be moved effortlessly for different outdoor scenes.
Pros:- Durable, weather-resistant HDPS poly lumber
- Five adjustable reclining positions
- Easy to move with rear wheels and handle
- Supports up to 300 lbs
Cons:- Assembly may be challenging for some users
- Seat dimensions might not fit thicker cushions comfortably
Best for: Active users who frequently change lounging spots or need easy repositioning
Not ideal for: Those seeking a plush, cushioned daybed experience or minimal adjustment options
- Material:HDPS poly lumber
- Finish:Realistic wood-grain
- Adjustable Positions:5
- Dimensions:76 in. D x 24 in. W x 39.7 in. H
- Seat Width:21 in.
- Weight Capacity:300 lb
Our verdict“This pick suits outdoor enthusiasts who value mobility and multiple recline options in a weatherproof package.”
Purple Leaf Outdoor Lounge Chair Olefin Daybed with 3-Inch Cushion – Moon Basalt
The Purple Leaf Olefin Daybed emphasizes plush comfort with its 3-inch high-resilience foam cushion, making it ideal for sunbathers or those who prioritize a cozy outdoor experience. Its UV-resistant Olefin fabric is quick-drying and durable, while the lightweight aluminum frame supports up to 330 lbs with ease. Compared to the more adjustable and multi-seated Tory set, this daybed offers a laid-back, single-piece lounging experience perfect for relaxing alone or with a partner. Its limited color options and weight may pose minor inconveniences, but overall, it excels in comfort and weather resistance for long-term outdoor use.
Pros:- UV resistant and quick-drying Olefin fabric
- High-resilience foam cushion for maximum comfort
- Supports up to 330 lbs with lightweight design
- Rust-resistant aluminum frame
Cons:- Heavy for frequent moving
- Limited color options based on description
Best for: Relaxation-focused users who prefer a soft, supportive daytime lounging experience
Not ideal for: Those seeking adjustable, multi-position loungers or larger groups
- Material:Olefin fabric
- Cushion Thickness:3 inches
- Frame Material:Aluminum
- Weight Capacity:330 lbs
- Finish:Powder-coated
Our verdict“This daybed is ideal for individuals prioritizing plush comfort and durable weatherproofing in a lightweight package.”
LUE BONA Chaise Lounge Chair
While this single lounge chair shares weather-resistant HDPS and HDPE wicker with other models like the Tory set, it emphasizes individual comfort features such as wide armrests with built-in cup holders and five adjustable backrest heights. Its all-season durability makes it suitable for year-round outdoor use, but it lacks cushions or padding, which might make it less plush than the Purple Leaf daybed or Merax chairs. The quick assembly process and integrated mobility make it appealing for versatile outdoor setups. Compared to the Tory set, this chair offers more customization at the seat level but less seating capacity overall, making it ideal for personal relaxation rather than group lounging.
Pros:- Weather-resistant HDPS & HDPE wicker material
- Wide armrests with built-in cup holders
- Adjustable backrest with five positions
- Easy and quick assembly
Cons:- Contains only one lounge chair, limiting seating
- No cushions or padding included, which may reduce comfort
Best for: Individuals seeking a durable, adjustable lounge for personal use in all seasons
Not ideal for: Large gatherings or those needing multiple loungers with cushions
- Material:HDPS & HDPE Wicker
- Features:Breathable fabric, supportive seat
- Armrests:Wide with built-in cup holders
- Mobility:2 rotating wheels
- Adjustable Backrest:5 heights
- Assembly Time:Under 25 minutes
Our verdict“This lounge chair is well-suited for those wanting a durable, adjustable outdoor seat for individual relaxation across seasons.”
How We Picked
The products in this roundup were evaluated based on a combination of durability, comfort, design, ease of maintenance, and value for money. We prioritized loungers with weather-resistant materials, ergonomic features, and adjustable components that enhance user relaxation. Our ranking reflects a balance between premium features and affordability, ensuring options suitable for different budgets and needs. We also considered customer reviews and expert insights to identify which loungers stand out in real-world outdoor environments, particularly for spa patio settings where longevity and comfort are paramount.Factors to Consider When Choosing 0 Best Wellness Loungers For Spa Patios
Choosing the right wellness lounger for your spa patio involves several important considerations. Beyond style and initial cost, factors like material durability, comfort features, and size can significantly impact your long-term satisfaction. Understanding these aspects helps you avoid common pitfalls, such as purchasing a lounger that looks great but isn’t weather-resistant or one that lacks sufficient adjustability for personalized comfort. Keep in mind that investing a little more upfront can lead to better durability and overall enjoyment, especially in outdoor settings exposed to the elements.Material Durability and Weather Resistance
For outdoor use, selecting loungers made from weather-resistant materials like wicker, treated wood, or synthetic fibers is essential. These materials withstand sun, rain, and humidity better than untreated wood or fabric-only options. However, some materials may require periodic maintenance, such as sealing or cleaning, to keep them looking their best. Avoid cheap plastics or fragile finishes that can crack or fade quickly, leading to more frequent replacements.Comfort and Ergonomic Features
Comfort is the core reason for choosing a wellness lounger. Look for adjustable backrests, padded cushions, and ergonomic shapes that support the body during extended lounging. Cushions with waterproof or quick-drying fabric are a plus, especially if you plan to leave loungers outside year-round. Beware of models with thin or hard surfaces, as they can quickly become uncomfortable, diminishing the relaxation experience.Size and Space Considerations
Measure your patio carefully to ensure the loungers fit comfortably without crowding your space. Larger sets provide a communal vibe, but may not be suitable for smaller patios, whereas compact loungers maximize limited areas. Think about ease of movement around the loungers and whether they can be stored or covered easily during off-season or bad weather.Ease of Maintenance and Cleaning
Outdoor loungers require regular upkeep to preserve their appearance and functionality. Materials like synthetic wicker or treated wood are easier to clean, while cushions with removable covers simplify maintenance. Avoid overly complicated designs that trap dirt or require specialized cleaning products, as this can deter regular upkeep and reduce lifespan.Price and Value for Money
While budget options may seem attractive initially, they often compromise on durability and comfort. Investing in higher-quality materials and features can extend the lifespan of your loungers and save money in the long run. Consider the total value—features, materials, warranty, and design—and how well they match your specific needs, rather than just the price tag.Frequently Asked Questions
Are outdoor wellness loungers weather-proof?
Most outdoor wellness loungers are designed with weather-resistant materials, but not all are fully waterproof. Synthetic wicker, treated wood, and sealed metal frames tend to withstand rain and sun exposure better. However, cushions and fabric components often require covering or storage during harsh weather. It’s wise to check each product’s specifications and consider adding protective covers for longevity.How important is adjustability in outdoor loungers?
Adjustability enhances comfort by allowing you to customize your lounging position, which is especially valuable during long spa sessions. Reclining backrests, adjustable footrests, and multiple angle settings help accommodate different body types and preferences. Without these features, you might find yourself uncomfortable after a short period, reducing the overall relaxation experience.Should I prioritize cushions or a sturdy frame?
Both are important, but the choice depends on your usage. Cushions add immediate comfort, especially if they are high-quality, weather-resistant, and quick-drying. However, a sturdy frame ensures your lounger maintains its shape and stability over time, especially in outdoor conditions. Ideally, look for a combination of both—durable frames with comfortable, well-designed cushions.How do I choose between a set or individual loungers?
Sets often provide better value and a cohesive aesthetic, making them ideal for larger patios or shared spaces. They also simplify matching styles and materials. Individual loungers offer flexibility for smaller areas or personalized arrangements, allowing you to pick the best fit for your space and needs. Consider your available space and how many people will frequently use the loungers.What is the typical lifespan of a good outdoor lounger?
A well-made outdoor lounger, when properly maintained, can last anywhere from 3 to 7 years. The key factors influencing lifespan include material quality, exposure to weather, and maintenance routine. Investing in higher-quality, weather-resistant options generally extends durability, especially if you regularly cover or store the loungers during harsh seasons.Conclusion
For those seeking the best overall experience, the Outdoor Chaise Lounges Set of 2 offers a versatile blend of comfort, durability, and style. If budget is a concern, the Merax 2-Piece Outdoor Chaise Lounge provides good value with adjustable features, while the Luxury Outdoor Chaise Lounges with Cushions cater to those who prioritize plush comfort. Buyers new to outdoor furniture should consider models with simple, user-friendly designs like the LUE BONA Outdoor Chaise Lounge. For those with larger patio spaces or hosting multiple guests, sets like the Christopher Knight Home Tory Acacia Wood Lounge deliver both style and practicality, making them excellent options for spa patios aiming for a luxurious, inviting atmosphere.Fall yard work Picks
leaf blowers
As an affiliate, we earn on qualifying purchases.
